Kentin Dönüşümü ve Kentsel Çeper Kuşaklar

Yazarlar

  • Tolga Ünlü Çukurova Üniversitesi

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Kentsel çeper kuşaklar- hızlı kentleşme- Whitehand-sonrası Dönem

Özet

“Whitehand-sonrası Dönem”de (post-Whitehand era) ortaya çıkacak kentsel yayılma, kentin çeperinde yer alan tarım alanları, orman alanları, sulak alanları vb. gibi doğal alanların ve kültürel birikim alanlarının yapılaşmaya açılması ile bu alanların korunması arasındaki gerilimin ve çelişkinin tartışılmasını gündeme getirmektedir. Ayrıca, hızlı nüfus artışının ve kentleşmenin yaşanmasının beklendiği dönemde teknoloji ve altyapıda da önemli gelişmeler olması öngörülmektedir. Bu durum bizi kentlerin geleceğini daha fazla düşünmeye yöneltmektedir. Böyle bir öngörüde kentsel morfoloji, kentlerin geleceğine yönelik nasıl bir katkı sunabilir? Bu çalışma, bu sorudan yola çıkarak bir tartışma yürütmeyi amaçlamaktadır. “Whitehand-sonrası Dönem”de kentsel yayılmanın yanı sıra kentin yapılı alanında kentlerin karakterini etkileyecek önemli değişimler meydana gelmektedir. Bu dönemde kentin dönüşümünden çeper kuşak alanları da etkilenmektedir. Çalışma, bu dönemde, kentsel morfoloji alanında üretilmesi olası yeni yaklaşımlara çeper kuşak perspektifinden nasıl katkılar sağlanabileceği üzerine odaklanmaktadır ve kentsel çeper kuşak çalışmaları içinde yeni modeller, yeni perspektifler, kentin dönüşümü ve planlama ile ilişki tartışılmaktadır.

İndirmeler

İndirme verileri henüz mevcut değil.

Referanslar

Barke M. (1982) Beyond the Urban Growth Map: Suggestions for More Analytical Work in Urban Morphology, Teaching Geography, 7 (3), pp. 111-115.

Barke M (2019) Fringe Belts. In Oliveira (ed) JWR Whitehand and the Historico-geographical Approach to Urban Morphology, (Springer, Cham) 47-66.

Carter H. and Wheatley S. (1979) Fixation Lines and Fringe Belts, Land Uses and Social Areas: Nineteenth-Century Change in the Small Town, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series, Vol. 4, No. 2, The Victorian City, pp. 214-238.

Conzen M.P (2009) How cities internalize their former urban fringes: a cross-cultural comparison. Urban Morphology 13(1):29–54.

Conzen, M. P., Gu K. and Whitehand J. W. R. (2012) Comparing traditional urban form in China and Europe: a fringe-belt approach, Urban Geography 33, 22–45.

Conzen M. R. G. (1962) ‘The plan analysis of an English city centre’, Norborg, K. (ed.) Proceedings of the IGU symposium in urban geography, Lund 1960, 383-414; reprinted in Whitehand J.W.R. (ed.) The urban landscape: historical development and management: papers by M.R.G. Conzen, Institute of British Geographers, Special Publication no.13, (Academic Press, London), 25-54.

Conzen M. R. G. (1969[1960]) Alnwick: Northumberland: a study in town-plan analysis, publication no: 27, (Institute of British Geographers, London) [revised print of 1960 paper with glossary]

Dollen, B. von der (1990), ‘An historico-geographical perspective on urban fringe-belt phenomena’, in Slater, T. R. (ed.) The built form of Western cities (Leicester University Press, Leicester) 319-45.

Ducom, E. (2003) ‘Fringe belts and planning: a French example’, Urban Morphology 7, 103-4.

Ducom, E. (2005) ‘Fringe belts in French cities: a comparative study of Rennes, Nantes and Tours’, in Barke, M. (ed.) Approaches in urban morphology (Division of Geography, University of Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne) 34-43.

Fritz J (1894) Deutsche Stadtanlangen. In: Beilage zum Programm 520 edes Lyzeums Strassburg. Heitz, Strassburg.

Gu, K. (2010) ‘Exploring the fringe-belt concept in Auckland: an urban morphological idea and planning practice’, New Zealand Geographer 66, 44–60.

Hazar D, Kubat AS (2015) Fringe belts in the process of urban planning and design: comport,ve analysis of İstanbul and Barcelona. AZ ITU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 12 (1):53-65.

Hazar D, Özkan SP (2020) Public and Ecological Significance of Fringe Belts: The Case of Military Areas in İzmir. Urban Academy:Journal of Urban Culture and Management 13(1): 10-21.

Kubat AS (2019) Exploring the Fringe-Belt Phenomenon in a Multi-Nuclear City: The Case of Istanbul; Iconarp 7:95-134.

Kubat AS, Gümru F (2014) Investigating the fringe belt concept: The case of Istanbul, Turkey. International Seminer on Urban Form, Porto, Portugal, 3-6 Temmuz 2014, unpublished paper.

Küçük Çalışkan, E., & Kubat, A. S. (2022). Tracking Morphological Agencies in the Alienated Fringe Belt Plots of Istanbul. ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning, 10(2), 711–734

Lammers D, Roders AP, van Wesemael P (2018) ‘Post-industrial Eindhoven and its radial fringe belt: A morphology of contemporary urban growth’, in Srappa G (ed) Observations on urban growth (Franco Angeli, Milano) 93-128.

Larkham P (2022) ‘The need for change in the study of urban form’, Urban Morphology 26(1), 3-4.

Louis H. (1936) ‘Die geographische Gliederung von Gross-Berlin’, Länderkundiche Forschung: Festschrift zur Vollendung des sechzigsten Lebensjahres Norbert Krebs (Engelhorn, Stuttgart) 146-71.

Openshaw S. (1974) A Theory of the Morphological and Functional Development of the Townscape in an Historical Context, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Department of Geography, Seminar Papers, Number 24.

Rodrigo-Cervantes, N. E. (1999) ‘The concept of the fringe belt in a Mexican city: Morelia’, in Corona, R. and Maffei, G. L. (eds) Transformations of urban form (Alinea, Firenze) FK2.16–FK2.20

Schlüter, O. (1899). Bemerkungen zur Siedelungs- geographie. Geographische Zeitschrift, 5, 65–84.

Scritaroci M.O. and Maric M. (2019) Morphological characteristics of green spaces in fortified towns and cities. Urban Morphology 23(1):27-44.

Slater, T. R. (1978) ‘Family, society, and the ornamental villa on the fringes of English country towns’, Journal of Historical Geography 4, 129- 44.

UN Habitat (2020) World Cities Report 2020: The Value of Sustainable Urbanization, United Nations Human Settlements Programme.

Ünlü, T. (2013) Transformation of a Mediterranean port city into a ‘city of clutter’: dualities in the urban landscape – the case of Mersin. Cities 30(1):175–185.

Ünlü T (2018). Urban growth of Turkish cities. In Strappa (ed) Observations on Urban Growth, Franco Angeli, Milano, pp 173-188.

Ünlü T. (2022a) Urban Fringe Belts: Roots, Developments and Prospects, Journal of Urban Research and Development, 3(1): 4-15.

Ünlü T. (2022b) Large-scale urban development and the possibility of new models in fringe-belt studies: the question of the ‘umbrella fringe belt’, Urban Morphology, 26(2): 189-193.

Ünlü, T. and Baş, Y. (2016) ‘Multi-nuclear growth patterns in a rapidly changing Turkish city: a fringe-belt perspective’, Urban Morphology 20 (2), 107-21.

Ünlü, T. and Baş, Y. (2019) Changes to Urban Form in Eastern Mediterranean Port Cities: Formation and Transformation of the Çamlıbel Neighborhood in Mersin. In Yenişehirlioğlu F., Özveren E., Selvi Ünlü T. (eds) Eastern Mediterranean Port Cities: A Study of Mersin, Turkey—From Antiquity to Modernity, Springer, Switzerland, pp. 221-239.

Vilagrasa, J. (1990) ‘The fringe-belt concept in a Spanish context: the case of Lleida’, in Slater, T. R. (ed.) The built form of Western cities (Leicester University Press, Leicester), 300-18.

Whitehand J. W. R. (1967) ‘Fringe Belts: a Neglected Aspect of Urban Geography’, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 41, 223-233.

Whitehand, J. W. R. (1972a) ‘Building cycles and the spatial pattern of urban growth’, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 56, 39-55.

Whitehand, J. W. R. (1972b) ‘Urban-rent theory, time series and morphogenesis: an example of eclecticism in geographical research’, Area 4, 214-22.

Whitehand JWR (1974) The changing nature of the urban fringe: a time perspective. In: Johnson JH (ed) Suburban growth. Wiley, London, pp 31–52.

Whitehand JWR (1975) Building activity and intensity of development at the urban fringe: the case of a London suburb in the nineteenth century. J Hist Geog 1:211–224.

Whitehand, J.W.R. (1987) The changing face of cities: a study of development cycles and urban form Institute of British Geographers Special Publication no. 21, Blackwell, Oxford.

Whitehand J. W. R. (1981a) Background to the urban morphogenetic tradition. In Whitehand JWR (ed) The urban landscape: historical development and management. Papers by M. R. G. Conzen Institute of British Geographers Special Publication 13. Academic Press, London, p 1-24.

Whitehand J. W. R. (1981b) ‘Conzenian ideas: extension and development’, in Whitehand, J. W. R. (ed.) The urban landscape: historical development and management. Papers by M. R. G. Conzen Institute of British Geographers Special Publication 13 (Academic Press, London) 127-52.

Whitehand, J. W. R. (1988) ‘Urban fringe belts: development of an idea’, Planning Perspectives 3, 47-58.

Whitehand, J. W. R. (1994) ‘Development cycles and urban landscapes’, Geography 79, 3-17.

Whitehand, J. W. R. (2012) Issues in urban morphology. Urban Morphology 16(1):55–65.

Whitehand, J. W. R. (2018) ‘Taking a long view: two centuries of urban morphology’, Keynote Speech, ISUF 2018, Krasnoyarsk, 5-9 July 2018.

Whitehand, J. W. R. (2019) Green space in urban morphology: a historico-geographical approach. Urban Morphology 23(1):5-17.

Whitehand, J. W. R. (2020) Green space, fringe belts and the historico-geographical strcuture of cities. Urban Morphology 24(1):105-106.

Whitehand J. W. R and Morton NJ (2003) Fringe belts and recycling of urban land: an academic concept and planning practice, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, vol. 30, pp. 819-839.

Whitehand J. W. R. and Morton N. J. (2004) ‘Urban morphology and planning: the case of fringe belts’, Cities 21, 275-89.

Whitehand, J. W. R. and Morton, N. J. (2006) ‘The fringe-belt phenomenon and socioeconomic change’, Urban Studies 43, 2047-66.

Whitehand JWR, Gu K, Whitehand SM (2011) Fringe belts and socioeconomic change in China, Environ Plan B Plan Des 38:41–60.

Ek Dosyalar

Yayınlanmış

2023-05-30

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

Ünlü, T. (2023). Kentin Dönüşümü ve Kentsel Çeper Kuşaklar. Türkiye Kentsel Morfoloji Ağı, (IV. Kentsel Morfoloji Sempozyumu Bildiriler Kitabı, Konya), 13–26. Geliş tarihi gönderen https://tnum.org.tr/index.php/tnum/article/view/368

Aynı yazar(lar)ın dergideki en çok okunan makaleleri